6) Muslim Prayer Time Schedule can not be calculated for the location unknown for pre-islamic Middle-East and Asia.

The muslim prayer time (salat, salaat, solat, solah, adhan, athan, azan, ezan, ezen, azaan, namaz, namaaz etc.) is calculated by the special algorithms linked to the time of sunset, sunrise and a the time when sun is at the highest point and the length of the objects shadow e.g.
The Fajr prayer is mentioned by name in the Qur'an at 24:58.
The Asr daily prayer is mentioned by name in the Qur'an at 2:238.
The Dhuhr prayer is mentioned by name in the Qur'an at 17:78.

[Quran 17:78] You shall observe the Contact Prayer (Salat) when the sun declines from its highest point at noon, as it moves towards sunset. You shall also observe (the recitation of) the Quran at dawn. (Reciting) the Quran at dawn is witnessed.
This algorithms are doing quite well in many parts of the Earth. Even more, different Islamic centers help muslims to get the accurate prayer time in different locations with the google maps (e.g. www.pray-in-time.org)
But. The modern people know that there are places on the Earth where sun never goes on its peak or even a polar night or polar day can occur. For Asr, they have the only way to determine a time:
If the length of an object is 'x' inches. Its shadow's length at noon will be 'y' inches. When the length of the shadow becomes x+y inches, the time for Asr will have set in according to the majority. According to the minority, the shadow must reach 2x+y inches in order for Asr to begin.
This means that muslims living there will be unable to pray for half an year or calculate it using algorithms presented by Islam!
Try also to imagine muslim spaceman, going round the Earth many times per day and having sunrise every 80 seconds. The question can he observe the obligatory prayer times? No!
But let’s go a little deeper in future and try to imagine how Muslims landed on the other planets will make a salat, they would not have a sun at all. So, no salat on other planets?

First conclusion: The prayer times (times of salat) can not be calculated and observed at least at three unusual locations, e.g. polar and subpolar zones of the globe, space (e.g. Earth orbital space stations) and on other planets. Some muslims start discussions about it, e.g. you can find some at the Islamic portal mentioned above http://www.pray-in-time.org But they are discussing how to calculate this time (e.g. http://ulugbeck.blogspot.com/2006/10/islamic-daily-prayers-in-abnormal-time.html). We think we should discuss another issue. These locations can hardly be named as unusual for modern person, it was unusual, even unpredictable for person of pre-Islamic Middle East. Though author (authors) of Quran was (were) a realy talented, the level of their knowledge about Earth, space and future development of the mankind was limited by the objective level of knowledges available in the society they lived in. The era of Geographical discoveries was far later and the space exporation begun just in 20th century. If it was God (Allah) whoes words are in Quran, He should have known the real situation with sun in all these “unusual” zones. For Him, a sun and a space are definetly the most usual things and usual zones. If it was Him, he would gave more universal way to calculate obligatory prayer times. It proves that words in Quran have no divine origin, it was made by man. This man belonged to his era with all level of knowledge those era had and this man had all the mistakes and misunderstandings his contemporaries had. If these parts of Quran are doubtful, no one can be sure about others in Quran and Islam.